Why the WHO failed when the world needed it most 

SCIENCE NEWS FROM KRISTIANIA: Health and communication

When COVID-19 struck, we watched as the World Health Organization, humanity’s supposed guardian against pandemics, became a target of political attacks. 

A group of researchers embarked on an ambitious project: to systematically map every criticism leveled at the WHO during the pandemic. 

What we found shocked even us. 

Diving into the chaos 

We analyzed documents focusing on the most thorough studies from around the world. Think of it as an autopsy of a failed global response, examining every organ of dysfunction. We weren't interested in pointing fingers; we wanted to understand the systemic failures that turned a health crisis into a geopolitical battlefield. 

Our research revealed six major failure points, each more troubling than the last. 

The delay that cost lives 

The most damaging criticism was WHO's sluggish response to early warnings. We documented how Taiwan, excluded from WHO due to Chinese political pressure, sent alerts about human-to-human transmission that went unacknowledged. By the time WHO declared a pandemic, the virus had already conquered the globe. 

But here's what most critics miss: WHO can only act on information member states provide. It's like being a fire chief who can't enter a burning building without the owner's permission. The organization was structurally designed to fail in exactly this scenario. 

Following the money trail 

During our research, we found out that over 80% of WHO's budget comes from voluntary contributions that donors control. Imagine trying to manage a pandemic while your funders dictate which diseases you can fight and which countries you can help. 

We found that this financial stranglehold meant WHO often had to prioritize donor interests over global health needs. It's not corruption; its structural dysfunction built into the system. 

When communication became contamination 

We meticulously analyzed WHO's communication strategies and found a devastating pattern. The organization's messaging was inconsistent, unclear, and often contradictory.  

Remember the mask confusion? First, they weren't necessary, then they were essential, then only medical-grade ones worked. 

Our analysis showed this wasn't just about evolving science, it was about an organization trying to balance scientific uncertainty with political pressure while lacking a coherent communication strategy for the social media age. 

The vaccine divide deepened 

COVAX was supposed to be the solution to vaccine inequality. Our research documented how it instead became a symbol of failure.  

While wealthy nations stashed vaccines, COVAX struggled with underfunding, supply chain disasters, and political interference. 

We found that some countries were administering fourth doses while others hadn't received their first shipments. This wasn't just inequality; it was a breeding ground for new COVID variants that would come back to haunt the vaccinated world. 

The geopolitical tornado 

Perhaps our most alarming finding was how the U.S.-China rivalry paralyzed WHO's response. We documented how accusations flew both ways; the U.S. claimed WHO was "China-centric," while China portrayed criticism as Western bias. Meanwhile, the virus didn't care about politics. 

This political tension escalated further with President Trump’s use of the term “Chinese virus” and his threats to withdraw funding.  These weren’t just diplomatic tantrums; they represented a fundamental breakdown in global health cooperation when unity was essential. 

As we write this, new health threats are already emerging

Trump's announcement to pull America out of WHO on day one of his presidency wasn't surprising; our data predicted it. We'd documented how trust in WHO had split along partisan lines like a geological fault. Republicans viewed the organization as compromised by China, while Democrats saw it as essential but flawed. 

This wasn't just American drama. Our research revealed similar fractures globally. When the world's largest economy and historically biggest health donor walks away, it validates every concern we raised about WHO's structural vulnerabilities. 

What next? 

Our research doesn't just diagnose problems; we offer a prescription.  

WHO needs guaranteed funding independent of political manipulation. It needs authority to declare emergencies without waiting for political permission. It needs transparent governance that rebuilds public trust. 

We also discovered something hopeful: regional organizations like Africa's CDC showed that decentralized responses could work. The future might not be one global authority but networked regional bodies that can act quickly while coordinating internationally. 

As we write this, new health threats are already emerging. Our research isn't just academic; it's a warning. Without fundamental reforms, the next pandemic will find us just as divided, just as unprepared, and just as vulnerable. 

The virus taught us that pathogens don't respect borders. Until our response systems learn the same lesson, we're fighting blindfolded with our hands tied. 

References:  

Mohamed Nour, M., Kisa, S., & Kisa, A. (2025). Examining criticism of WHO’s COVID-19 response: a scoping review. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 1-13. 

Text: Magde Mohamed Nour, PhD-candidate, School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University of Applied Sciences. 

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